Federal E-bikes & Scooters

Federal E-Bike Classification

Federal Consumer Product Safety Act defines e-bikes as bicycles with motors under 750W and max speed 20mph. Three-class system adopted by most states.

Consumer Product Safety Act classifies low-speed electric bicycles as bicycles (not motor vehicles) if: 2 or 3 wheels, fully operable pedals, electric motor under 750W (1 HP), max speed 20mph on level ground. Three-class system: Class 1 = pedal-assist only to 20mph. Class 2 = throttle-assisted to 20mph. Class 3 = pedal-assist only to 28mph. National Park Service (2020) allows e-bikes on trails where traditional bikes are allowed. State laws vary significantly.